Evaluation of a Small-Molecule Compound, N-Acetylcysteine, for the Management of Bacterial Spot of Tomato Caused by Copper-Resistant <i>Xanthomonas perforans</i>

Bacterial spot caused by Xanthomonas spp. is one of the major diseases in tomato. perforans main pathogen bacterial on tomato Florida. Currently, application copper fungicides primary measure used to manage this disease. However, development resistance X. and accumulation environment are concerns for excessive use copper-based products agriculture. Due its antibacterial properties low environmental impact, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a small molecule commonly medicine human diseases, has been studied agriculture control plant pathogens, including citri Xylella fastidiosa. This study evaluated effect NAC alone combination with copper-resistant strain vitro ability under greenhouse field conditions. In vitro, minimum inhibitory concentration against was 2,048 mg liter −1 . increased sensitivity when followed after 6 h. assays, applied or significantly (P &lt; 0.05) reduced disease severity compared untreated control. at 100 + 300 consistently exhibited synergistic effects spot. trials, 1,000 150 Results from demonstrated that enhanced efficacy perforans, indicating could be effective management